Cerium oxide acts as a widely employed material in various applications. Its unique chemical and physical properties contribute to its adaptability. For illustration, cerium oxide is commonly employed in catalytic converters to minimize harmful emissions from vehicles. Furthermore, it finds use in t

Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene frequently referred to as UHMWPE, functions as a remarkable material with exceptional robustness. Due to its uncommon properties, UHMWPE has found widespread implementation in various medical applications. Its biocompatibility, low friction coefficient, and r

Sputtering is a widespread technique utilized in the fabrication of advanced thin films. Titanium (Ti) sputtering, specifically, has emerged as a leading method due to its ability to deposit high-quality Ti thin films with accurate thickness and composition. The process involves bombarding a Ti targ